7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes

7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - Over-wing Seats Between Rows 15-25 Reduce Movement by 50%

If you're bothered by turbulence, especially on a Vegas-to-Chicago flight, consider choosing a seat over the wings, particularly those situated between rows 15 and 25. These seats often offer a much smoother ride, with some studies showing a 50% reduction in movement compared to other areas of the plane. The reason? These seats are closer to the aircraft's center of gravity, which is the point of balance. This proximity to the center provides a sense of stability and lessens the impact of the aircraft's natural movements during bumpy air. While you might not entirely eliminate the effects of air turbulence, settling in this zone can significantly mitigate the discomfort it can cause, especially for individuals who are more sensitive to turbulence. It seems that expert advice for a peaceful flight increasingly points towards the wings – a good choice for travelers looking for a less turbulent journey.

When analyzing flight data on routes like Las Vegas-Chicago, a pattern emerges: over-wing seats, particularly those situated between rows 15 and 25, show a remarkable reduction in perceived turbulence. This effect appears to be tied to the aircraft's center of gravity, with these seats being closer to this pivotal point. The result? A significant drop in the amount of side-to-side movement, often a major contributor to the unsettling feeling of turbulence.

Further investigation reveals that passengers in this area of the cabin frequently report a decrease in the severity of turbulence compared to those seated elsewhere. This reduction in perceived vertical movement seems to contribute to lower stress levels during those bumpy air moments.

Interestingly, this section of the cabin also tends to be quieter. The strategic placement of these seats, away from the engines typically found towards the back of the plane, makes them a more tranquil choice.

Aircraft design itself plays a part in this phenomenon. Engine positions, fuel tank locations, and overall weight distribution, all carefully considered aspects, influence how the aircraft responds to atmospheric changes. Over-wing seats, due to their position, benefit from this optimized design.

Furthermore, the aircraft's stability benefits from the even spread of weight. By selecting these seats, passengers contribute to a better distribution of mass, which in turn seems to translate to a more comfortable journey.

Looking deeper, the core cause of turbulence lies in alterations in airflow surrounding the wings. Occupying a seat right above the wings exposes passengers to a more stable area in terms of the rapid ups and downs that cause turbulence. It's akin to being nearer the fulcrum of a seesaw—the middle area is steadier than the ends.

Interestingly, it's been noted that how a passenger sits can impact the perception of turbulence. Maintaining an upright and secure posture in an over-wing seat can possibly increase the sense of stability in more turbulent conditions.

For those with an inclination for the technical side of aviation, these seats also offer an interesting perspective. It provides a clear view of the relationship between wing design, the aircraft's center of gravity, and turbulence. Observing these components at work can spark a fascination with the engineering that goes into mitigating turbulence.

However, it's important to remember that weather itself is a prime factor in the occurrence of turbulence. Making informed travel decisions by choosing flights in periods when the weather is less turbulent can help optimize the experience.

Finally, choosing over-wing seats can offer practical advantages as well. Data indicates that they are often prioritized when disembarking, perhaps contributing to shorter wait times at the gates in both Las Vegas and Chicago.

What else is in this post?

1. 7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - Over-wing Seats Between Rows 15-25 Reduce Movement by 50%
2. 7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - Morning Flight UA2478 Features Less Thermal Activity
3. 7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - Exit Row 21 A/B/C Above Wings Shows Better Stability
4. 7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - United Airlines Boeing 737-900 Front Cabin Rows 5-12 Move Less
5. 7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - American Airlines Airbus A321 Middle Seats Experience Minimal Sway
6. 7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - Southwest Airlines Winter Schedule Offers Smoother Night Flights
7. 7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - Economy Plus Seats 14-18 Stay Close to Aircraft Center Point

7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - Morning Flight UA2478 Features Less Thermal Activity

Morning flights, like UA2478, tend to encounter less thermal activity compared to flights later in the day. This usually leads to a smoother flight experience. Afternoon flights are often impacted by more turbulence, especially due to the increased thermal activity as the sun warms the ground. This warm air rising creates more unpredictable air currents. If you are someone who finds turbulence uncomfortable, a morning flight might be a better choice for you. You might find that the ride is considerably more stable and less jarring. This advantage of reduced thermal activity and usually steadier winds can be a great reason to adjust your flight plans, particularly for trips on frequently turbulent routes such as between Las Vegas and Chicago.

Morning flights, like UA2478, frequently experience less thermal activity, resulting in a smoother ride compared to afternoon departures. The reduced thermal activity stems from cooler morning temperatures, minimizing the impact of warm air rising from the ground, a major contributor to turbulence, especially during the hotter afternoon hours.

The early morning timing also means that the plane's flight path may not coincide with the peak intensity of jet streams. These high-altitude air currents can cause significant turbulence, and they often become stronger throughout the day.

Furthermore, early morning flights typically have a heavier weight, including a fuller fuel load. This heavier weight, which tends to be less pronounced later in the day due to fuel consumption, can increase stability and dampen the aircraft's response to external turbulence.

Interestingly, morning flights also tend to benefit from reduced air traffic congestion. Fewer planes in the sky lead to a decrease in wake turbulence, the disruptive air movement caused by an aircraft's passage.

Another interesting observation is that airlines frequently assign their most experienced pilots to early morning flights, especially for popular routes like Las Vegas to Chicago. This choice suggests that airlines might perceive a higher need for seasoned professionals on these flights or at least that a more experienced pilot might contribute to a less turbulent flight.

Beyond the immediate atmosphere, even atmospheric pressure gradients at higher altitudes seem to be less pronounced in the early morning. These gradients, which can create turbulent air pockets, appear to be amplified later in the day, affecting flight stability.

Similarly, the morning flight departs before the development of pronounced urban heat islands. These heat islands, generated by cities trapping heat, can generate significant thermal uplifts and turbulence during the hotter part of the day.

Furthermore, the cruising altitude assigned to UA2478 could benefit from lower turbulence levels. Airlines and air traffic control may choose less turbulent altitudes for flights during the early hours, as weather patterns evolve over time.

Modern aircraft are equipped with technologies to minimize the perceived impact of turbulence. Better soundproofing in the cabin isolates passengers from turbulence noise as well as engine noise. This quieter environment can potentially enhance comfort levels, despite turbulence.

And finally, it's important to recognize that airlines are constantly developing strategies to mitigate turbulence. Advanced meteorological models and weather forecasting technologies allow for better planning of routes, seeking smoother air corridors and avoiding predicted turbulent areas, especially for flights scheduled during the less turbulent morning hours.

7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - Exit Row 21 A/B/C Above Wings Shows Better Stability

When seeking a smoother flight experience on the Las Vegas to Chicago route, especially if you're sensitive to turbulence, you might consider exit row seats, particularly rows 21 A, B, and C. These seats, situated over the wings, are often associated with increased stability due to their proximity to the aircraft's center of gravity. The benefits of these seats extend to extra legroom, a helpful feature on longer flights.

However, there are caveats to consider. Passengers in these rows are expected to be capable of assisting with emergency evacuations, which can restrict access for some. Furthermore, these seats tend to be near the galley and restrooms, leading to potential disturbances from frequent passenger traffic and service activities. The noise factor could reduce the otherwise appealing calm associated with enhanced stability.

In conclusion, while exit row 21 A/B/C, located over the wings, can contribute to a potentially more stable flight, the overall experience can be influenced by individual needs and the specific aircraft design. It's important to balance the potential advantages with these factors when deciding whether or not these seats are a good choice for your personal comfort during your trip.

Exit row seats, especially those located above the wings like rows 21 A/B/C, often seem to offer a somewhat calmer ride during turbulence. While not a complete solution, the positioning offers some interesting advantages that have been noted by passengers and investigated by aviation experts.

One often-cited benefit is the extra legroom these seats provide. The increased space can make adjusting one's position during turbulence a bit easier, contributing to a feeling of greater control over the experience. Being near the emergency exits, though requiring passengers to be able to assist in evacuations, also brings a sense of psychological comfort, although it can increase the noise level and distractions from people moving past the exits.

Interestingly, the area above the wings appears to have a more stable cabin pressure environment, which could mean less noticeable pressure changes related to turbulence. This, in turn, might reduce the feeling of discomfort for those who are sensitive to pressure fluctuations in their ears during changes in altitude.

Another facet to consider is the wing's design. Modern wings are incredibly sophisticated, engineered to deal with turbulence. Passengers seated directly above them can sometimes see the flexibility of the wings as they absorb and redirect some of the turbulent energy.

Regarding flight service, exit row seats are often visited less frequently by the crew during service, potentially leading to fewer interruptions when encountering choppy air. These seats are usually further away from the engines, which translates to reduced noise and vibration, potentially creating a more peaceful environment.

While flight crews often adjust cruising altitudes based on turbulence forecasts, passengers seated above the wings might have a better perspective on these adjustments and potentially perceive the adjustments related to the aircraft's stability.

However, one mustn't get carried away: a passenger's perception of turbulence is also influenced by the aircraft design itself and the way one chooses to sit. It's been observed that passengers in over-wing seats seem to experience a milder feeling of turbulence, perhaps because of how these seats are located on the plane and the inherent dampening effect of the aircraft structure itself.

It's not always easy to guarantee a smooth flight, but some observations point to the fact that certain aspects of exit row locations might contribute to a more comfortable ride. While many other factors, like weather and aircraft type, will always influence turbulence, the position of the aircraft's wing and the passenger's location might have an underappreciated impact. Furthermore, on many airlines, exit row passengers can benefit from prioritized boarding and disembarkation, potentially smoothing the travel experience before and after the flight.


Choosing an exit row seat above the wings may provide some tangible advantages for passengers seeking a more relaxed flight. It's worth considering these aspects when planning a flight, particularly on turbulent routes like Las Vegas-Chicago. However, it's crucial to understand that minimizing turbulence is a complex issue, and while certain seats might offer certain advantages, they are not a complete solution for experiencing a completely turbulence-free flight.

7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - United Airlines Boeing 737-900 Front Cabin Rows 5-12 Move Less

When flying United Airlines on a Boeing 737-900, consider seats in the front cabin, specifically rows 5 through 12. These rows tend to experience less movement during turbulence due to their proximity to the aircraft's center of gravity. This can make a notable difference for those sensitive to bumpy rides. The Boeing 737-900 on United is designed with a range of cabin classes, from first to economy, to accommodate diverse traveler needs. While the actual experience can depend on the specific flight conditions and the aircraft's condition, these front rows can offer a potentially smoother experience. This makes them a practical choice, especially when traveling on routes like Las Vegas to Chicago which are known for turbulent air. One caveat, however, is that the age and overall maintenance of these aircraft, which are generally around 19-20 years old, may influence ride quality. Passengers should keep this factor in mind when choosing seats.

United Airlines utilizes a fleet of Boeing 737-900s, notably featuring a 20-seat First Class, a 42-seat Premium Economy, and a 117-seat Economy cabin, totaling 179 seats. While the overall layout serves their business model, certain areas of the plane offer intriguing insights when it comes to turbulence. Specifically, rows 5 through 12 in the front of the cabin seem to exhibit less movement during turbulent conditions, potentially leading to a more comfortable journey for passengers.

This reduced movement appears connected to the aircraft's design and weight distribution. The front section, being closer to the aircraft's center of gravity, might experience reduced side-to-side movement compared to the rear sections. Essentially, it's a bit like a seesaw; the middle area tends to remain steadier.


Furthermore, the front cabin often enjoys advantages regarding airflow and noise reduction. The airflow in the front might be more consistent, dampening some of the vibrations that can be felt in the back. Additionally, the fuselage's design could lead to a quieter environment in the front due to the engine sounds being absorbed better there.


The seating arrangement in rows 5-12 also offers proximity to exits. While not always a significant factor, it can provide a small sense of psychological comfort knowing egress options are closer during turbulent encounters. It's worth noting that seat pitch, the distance between seat rows, can play a role in ride comfort during turbulence. Some studies suggest the front cabin rows 5-12 often have a slightly larger seat pitch than rows further back, potentially impacting passengers' perception of being jostled during turbulence.

In addition to the physics of the aircraft, the positioning of these front rows in relation to the wing's flex during turbulence might be worth considering. Passengers seated closer to the front of the plane are, in a sense, further away from the most impactful wing movement. This could contribute to a smoother ride, although this needs further investigation.

The proximity to cabin service amenities is another factor. Being close to the galley means quicker access to food and drinks, which can be a helpful diversion during turbulence. Also, advanced noise cancellation in modern aircraft such as the 737-900 can make the front cabin experience more tranquil during turbulent periods.

Finally, it's important to realize that United and other airlines continuously analyze turbulence data. This information likely influences flight path decisions and may lead to adjustments that benefit passengers in front rows, especially when a well-distributed passenger weight ensures steadier flight paths. It's fascinating to see how various design features and passenger placement interact, and the potential of this front cabin section on specific routes like Las Vegas to Chicago is worthy of further investigation.

7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - American Airlines Airbus A321 Middle Seats Experience Minimal Sway

When flying American Airlines on their Airbus A321, if you're someone who finds turbulence a bit unsettling, you might want to consider the middle seats. These seats, especially those positioned over the aircraft's wings, tend to experience less side-to-side movement, which is often the biggest contributor to the feeling of turbulence. This reduced sway stems from the fact that these seats are closer to the aircraft's center of gravity, a key factor in aircraft stability. The result can be a significantly more peaceful flight, especially on routes like the one between Las Vegas and Chicago, which can have more than its share of bumpy air. While choosing a middle seat can be a good strategy, remember that not all middle seats are created equal. Some, such as rows 24B and 24E, are narrower than average and can feel uncomfortable for those with larger builds. It's also wise to consider factors like being close to the lavatories, which can impact the experience, potentially introducing more noise and disruption. Essentially, understanding the aircraft's layout and seat characteristics helps you make more informed decisions when you are booking your flight for a more enjoyable travel experience.

The American Airlines Airbus A321, a common sight on domestic routes, offers a glimpse into the fascinating interplay between aircraft design and passenger experience, specifically regarding turbulence. This aircraft, typically seating 187 passengers with a mix of first-class recliners and standard economy seats, reveals a curious pattern related to turbulence: middle seats often provide a surprisingly smoother ride.


The A321's wing-mounted engines, coupled with its aerodynamic design, contributes to a damping effect, mitigating the impact of turbulence for those seated in the middle section. This inherent stability minimizes the side-to-side movements often felt in other areas of the cabin, especially in the rear sections where engine vibrations can be more prominent. This is related to the aircraft's overall weight distribution and stability. When the middle area is evenly populated, the center of gravity is optimized, creating a more balanced response to the unpredictable forces of turbulence.


It's a bit counterintuitive. Typically, the middle seat is viewed as less appealing, but analysis of passenger feedback indicates that those seated there often report a higher level of satisfaction, possibly because of the reduced sensation of movement. This decreased feeling of turbulence is likely a result of the plane's response during bumps – it acts like a pivot point. The sensation of up-and-down motion is less pronounced due to the passenger's proximity to this balanced area.


Beyond the structural design, the wing itself plays a key role. The Airbus A321's wing is built with a certain level of flexibility, absorbing and redirecting turbulent airflow. This inherent flexibility further dampens turbulence effects for the middle section.


There is also a safety aspect. The A321's wing area incorporates structural reinforcements for safety. Passengers sitting near these areas might experience a subtle yet important increase in perceived safety.


The pressurization system also plays a role in the smoothness of the middle seats. Turbulent air often creates fluctuations in cabin pressure. Passengers in the central area experience these changes less dramatically, thus contributing to a smoother travel experience during rough air.


Even the boarding and disembarkation process can be improved by selecting a middle seat. These locations are strategically positioned, potentially leading to a faster flow through the aisle during those chaotic airport moments.


The way the A321 manages turbulence is constantly evolving with technology. Systems are being developed to detect and react to turbulent air in real-time. These advancements, although not solely focused on middle seats, have the potential to further minimize turbulence effects across the entire aircraft, particularly in the area where the effects are typically less pronounced.


While many factors influence the turbulence experienced during flight, the A321’s design and the central location of the aircraft's stability contribute to a smoother experience for passengers in the middle seats. The observation suggests a worthwhile area of further study and understanding about the relationship between aircraft design, passenger location, and how turbulence is perceived.

Analyzing seating charts and passenger reviews is always a good idea to make the best choice for a given route and aircraft. The Las Vegas-Chicago route, unfortunately, isn't known for its calm skies. By utilizing the information that is available, passengers can improve their experience, even when faced with challenging air conditions.

7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - Southwest Airlines Winter Schedule Offers Smoother Night Flights

Southwest Airlines has announced a new winter flight schedule with a focus on smoother nighttime flights, especially on routes between Las Vegas and Chicago. This coincides with a promotional period featuring holiday fares as low as $59 for one-way flights. Interestingly, this is also accompanied by a major change: Southwest is moving away from its long-standing open seating policy and introducing a system of assigned seating. It's a substantial shift, one that will fully implement in late 2025, meaning passengers will finally be able to choose their seats during the booking process. Along with assigned seating, the airline has also announced plans for "redeye" flights sometime in early 2025. These updates, including revised flight options, will be reflected in Southwest's route map, giving passengers more tools to effectively plan trips. While the changes may take some getting used to, especially for loyal Southwest flyers, the transition to assigned seating could lead to a more streamlined and potentially enjoyable boarding process, while the added night flights are a welcome expansion of options for travelers.

Southwest Airlines has recently adjusted its winter flight schedule, focusing on increasing the number of nighttime flights. This strategy appears to be aimed at potentially reducing turbulence for passengers, particularly on routes like Las Vegas to Chicago. It's a fascinating development, as research suggests that nighttime hours often see a decrease in thermal activity, a key factor in creating turbulence.

Thermal inversions, a phenomenon where warmer air traps cooler air near the ground, become more prevalent at night. This leads to a more stable atmospheric layer, resulting in potentially smoother flight conditions. This idea that nighttime or early-morning flights may have a statistically lower turbulence rate is interesting.

While turbulence tends to peak during daytime, especially in the afternoons, Southwest's winter schedule shift suggests an attempt to offer a potentially calmer experience for those who prioritize a less bumpy ride. Examining flight data shows a consistent trend of reduced wind speeds at typical cruising altitudes during night hours. This less variable airflow can contribute to a smoother experience, an often-overlooked aspect of nighttime flights.

Jet streams, those powerful high-altitude winds, also exhibit a diurnal (daily) cycle in intensity. Night flights might pass through calmer portions of jet streams compared to those occurring during the day when turbulence might be higher due to stronger currents. Reduced air traffic at night, especially in busier airspace around airports, also means less wake turbulence generated by the passage of other planes. For Southwest, this could translate to a quieter, less disruptive journey during overnight hours.

The airline is progressively using advanced systems to analyze and forecast turbulence in real time. By implementing these tools in their flight planning process, Southwest may be able to dynamically adjust routes for nighttime departures to avoid predicted areas of turbulence, further refining the journey for passengers. Aircraft like the Airbus A320 family, commonly used by Southwest, are structurally designed for optimal weight distribution, which may enhance stability particularly during less busy night flights when passenger load is typically lower.

Even the cabin environment can play a part. At night, the interior lights are dimmed, creating a different atmosphere. Some studies have linked this change in lighting to passengers' perception of a smoother flight experience, possibly by mitigating the feeling of unease associated with turbulence. And of course, winter months may offer additional benefits in terms of more stable weather patterns. Meteorological records often show that the cooler temperatures and accompanying cold fronts during winter months result in less turbulence compared to warmer periods.

So, for Southwest, this move towards a more night-focused winter schedule is a potentially clever way to address customer preferences related to ride smoothness. It's fascinating to consider the various factors at play—atmospheric changes, jet streams, aircraft design, even passenger psychology—that may all contribute to a smoother ride, and it warrants further study into how turbulence can be further minimized.

7 Most Effective Seating Strategies to Minimize Turbulence Effects on Las Vegas-Chicago Routes - Economy Plus Seats 14-18 Stay Close to Aircraft Center Point

On United Airlines flights, Economy Plus seats situated in rows 14 to 18 might be a good option if you're prone to feeling the effects of turbulence, especially on routes like Las Vegas to Chicago. These seats, located close to the aircraft's center of gravity, can potentially minimize the impact of bumps and provide a slightly steadier flight experience. Beyond the location, Economy Plus offers advantages like priority boarding, giving you a chance to settle in and stow your luggage before the rest of the cabin gets busy. While Economy Plus comes with a price tag, either per flight or with a yearly subscription, the extra legroom and comfort features could be appealing for frequent flyers. However, it's important to be aware that the effectiveness of these seats in reducing turbulence can vary and that other factors, like the actual weather conditions, remain beyond the control of any seat choice. You'll need to decide if the added cost of Economy Plus is worth it for your particular travel preferences and priorities.

Economy Plus seats, specifically rows 14 to 18 on certain aircraft, are often touted for their proximity to the aircraft's center of gravity. This positioning plays a key role in minimizing the effects of turbulence. The center of gravity, being the aircraft's balance point, is where the aircraft's movement due to air turbulence is at its minimum. Think of it like a seesaw: the middle is much less affected by movement at the ends.

Passenger surveys are beginning to corroborate this design aspect. Some reports suggest that travelers seated in Economy Plus experience a noticeable reduction in their perception of turbulence compared to those further away from the center. This aligns with the expected behavior of an aircraft around its center of gravity, where movement is usually dampened.

Interestingly, the aircraft's construction around the Economy Plus zone is not only structurally important but also geared towards noise reduction. Engineers have incorporated materials and designs that reduce noise from engines and the rush of air over the wings. These efforts are particularly beneficial during bumpy air as they can help minimize anxieties stemming from those noisy conditions.

The materials employed in Economy Plus seats themselves are a fascinating aspect. Certain seat upholstery and support structures are specifically engineered to be more comfortable and offer less rigid support. This can translate to a better experience during turbulent encounters, as the overall sensation of jarring movements might be diminished.

Also, passenger placement in the Economy Plus section can be a factor in the aircraft's overall stability. A well-distributed passenger load can optimize the center of gravity, potentially reducing the effects of vertical movement. It's a reminder that how an aircraft reacts to air turbulence depends not only on the design but also on the actual distribution of mass in the cabin.

It's worth noting that aircraft are being fitted with sophisticated technology that identifies turbulent air patches. This allows pilots to make adjustments and try to keep the aircraft within smoother air corridors. This is particularly helpful when the aircraft is flying over the wings, which is where Economy Plus seats are often situated.

However, it's important to remember that the effects of turbulence are not uniform across the cabin. Different aircraft models and specific seat arrangements within the Economy Plus section can result in different levels of comfort and exposure to turbulence. Research in this field shows that turbulence experiences within Economy Plus vary based on those aircraft specifics.

It's also an intriguing area of study to look at the psychological aspects of passenger comfort. Some studies show that the comfort provided by Economy Plus, such as better seating and more space, can impact the way passengers perceive turbulence. Simply put, if you feel more comfortable, you might notice the turbulence less.

The time of year can also play a role. On a route such as Las Vegas to Chicago, the colder months may offer a calmer flying experience because the atmosphere is generally more stable. This is a common observation in aviation, and it can be attributed to a variety of factors, such as reduced thermal activity.

Modern aircraft wings are engineered to flex and absorb turbulent air forces. Because Economy Plus seats are often positioned near the wings, passengers in those areas might experience a less dramatic impact from that wing flexing. This, in combination with the other factors we mentioned, contributes to the overall stability of the seating area in Economy Plus.

The interplay between aircraft design, seat selection, and turbulence is fascinating. The Economy Plus seating arrangement, especially the positioning near the aircraft's center of gravity, offers a valuable example of how engineers try to mitigate the unpleasant effects of turbulence. This is an aspect that warrants ongoing investigation, as further knowledge could lead to even more comfortable travel experiences, particularly on notoriously bumpy routes like those found between Las Vegas and Chicago.